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In the following article, we will compare the 3 most used coding languages from a beginner's perspective. It will help you to learn basics of all the 3 languages together while saving your time and will also help you to inter shift from one language you know to the other which you don't. Let's discuss a brief history of all the 3 languages and then we will move on to the practical learning.
| C | C++ | Python |
|---|---|---|
| C was developed by Dennis Ritchie between the year 1969 and 1973 at AT&T Bell Labs. | C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979. | Python was created by Guido van Rossum and released in 1991. |
| More difficult to write code in contrast to both Python and C++ due to complex syntax. | C++ code is less complex than C but more complex in contrast to Python. | Easier to write code. |
| Longer lines of code as compared to Python. | Longer lines of code as compared to Python. | 3-5 times shorter than equivalent C/C++ programs. |
| Variables are declared in C. | Variables are declared in C++ | Python has no declaration. |
| C is a compiled language. | C++ is a compiled language. | Python is an interpreted language. |
| C contains 32 keywords. | C++ contains 52 keywords. | Python contains 33 keywords. |
| For the development of code, C supports procedural programming. | C++ is known as a hybrid language because C++ supports both procedural and object-oriented programming paradigms. | Python supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming. |
| C does not support inheritance. | C++ supports both single and multiple inheritance | Python supports all 5 types of inheritance, i.e., single inheritance, multiple inheritance, multilevel inheritance, hierarchical inheritance, and hybrid inheritance |
| C provides malloc() and calloc() functions for dynamic memory allocation, and free() for memory deallocation. | C++ provides a new operator for memory allocation and a delete operator for memory deallocation. | Python’s memory allocation and deallocation methods are automatic. |
| Direct support for exception handling is not supported by C. | Exception handling is supported by C++. | Exception handling is supported by Python. |
Main method declaration is declaring to computer that from here the implementation of my code should be done. The process of declaring main is same in C and C++. As we declare int main where int stands for return type we should have to return something integral at the end of code so that it compiles without error. We can write our code in between the curly braces.
It is not necessary to declare main in python code unless and until you are declaring another function in your code. So we can declare main in python as follows.
In C and C++ we first declare the data type of the variable and then declare the name of Variables. A few examples of data types are int, char, float, double, etc.
Python is not "statically typed". We do not need to declare variables before using them or declare their type. A variable is created the moment we first assign a value to it.
The Syntax for printing something as output is different for all the 3 languages.
The Syntax for taking input from the user is different in all three languages, so let's see the syntax and write your first basic code in all the 3 languages.
Must Read
C, C++, and Python each have their own strengths and learning curves. C is fast and powerful but more complex, C++ adds object-oriented features making it more versatile, while Python is beginner-friendly with simple syntax and automatic memory management. Understanding the basics like syntax, variable declaration, input/output, and programming styles in all three helps you learn efficiently and switch between them easily. Whether you aim for system-level programming, game development, or modern scripting, knowing these differences will guide you to choose the right tool for your coding journey.
