Extracting Substrings from a Character Vector in R Programming - substring() Function

substring() function in R Programming Language is used to extract substrings in a character vector. You can easily extract the required substring or character from the given string.

Syntax: substring(text, first, last)

Parameters: 

• text: character vector
• first: integer, the first element to be replaced
• last: integer, the last element to be replaced

R - substring() Function Example

Example 1: Extracting values with substring function in R Programming language

Output : 

[1] "ee"
[1] "Geek"
[1] "G"
[1] "g"

Example 2: Extracting values with substring in string function in R Programming language

Output: 

[1] "FG" "fg" "ee"
[1] "GFG" "gfg" "Gee"
[1] "F" "f" "e"

Example 3: String replacement in R using substring() function

Output:

[1] "G@G" "g@g" "G@eks"